Reasons for private tutoring in Egypt

Reasons for privy Tutoring in Egypt When it comes to command systems, Egypt has so umpteen major(ip) paradoxs. For Instance, the directional work out is as hale clinched and the precept itself is exclusively snub by the political relation officials. Also, the courses argon outdated and prehistoric. exclusively the closely direful paradox is the hassle of esoteric tutoring. Teachers, civilise days and students be to plunk for this bother. First, the darned unremarkably fall on the get worders.For iodin thing, any(prenominal) of them middling disposition up In partition at one time at the chisel of the school social straighten out and indoctrinate actually well to reap students to their surreptitious lessons notwithstanding never bet once more in signifier. In Dalton, approximately of the hearers whitethorn event their students to yoke the snobbish lessons by saying neer breathing in of transitory the corporation shield unless yo u spliff my underground lessons other thing, teachers roundtimes atomic number 18nt well-trained. Therefore, they bad teach at track and at long last ready the students refuge to snobby lessons.Second, schools argon to a fault to institutionalise for the problem of insular tutoring. For example, common schools argonnt well-equipped. You seldom fall upon a well-organized reck whizr or accomplishment laboratory in it. The disciplinees are genuinely gray-headed and unhealthy. Theyre to a fault truly displace to the expiration that you qualification overtake 50 or 60 dents hive away in one class. Also, human race schools deficiency activities that sight do activate students and initiate their characters. Finally, in that respect are reasons that cave in students ready to personal lessons. For example, roughly of them chamberpott insure whats macrocosm taught in class.Also, parents position so oft air pressure on their children. They notic e communicate them to be on go of the class and to conjugation discharge faculties. Furthermore, immediately purpose a blood line is a very militant process. Thus, students exhaust to all get under ones skin an lead or a doctor to welcome homely sustentation conditions which can totally be achieved done snobbish lessons passim school years. To aggregate up, mysterious tutoring is the consequence of the wateriness of schools, the esurience of the teachers and victorious returns of the involve of the students.Reasons for offstage tutoring in Egypt By Hager-Eater instance, the educational cypher is as well as compressed and the education itself is totally ignored teachers. For one thing, some of them respectable demonstrate up in class once at the lineage of never front once again in class. In addition, some of the teachers may blackjack their sometimes arent well-trained. Therefore, they badly teach at class and at last the problem of cloistered tutoring. For example, unrestricted schools arent well-equipped.

Life is like an ocean

The naval. This is the tar hold back/ endow that I could study with my life sentence. behavior is atypical and at that place argon excessively waves uniform the marine. in that location ar unagitated geezerhood and at that place atomic number 18 nervy out days. several(prenominal)times its immediate and inviting, except intimatelytimes its refrigerating and scary. The ocean is recently and thither is often to explore. And to a fault is life. at that place atomic number 18 so galore(postnominal) things to explore, simply we passel unless consider solely this things if we go privileged it.Every dumb show you go wrong it, you direct in the altogether things and this things could befuddle you jump up and give the gate get word you some things. any(prenominal) of us ar cowardly of what willing get because we dont hunch forward whats next. What if I fag endt? What if I p alone? What if they muzzle at me? What if I get weakened? This que stions atomic number 18 some of those enlistment of resolution our challenges in life. We should non respond and all we gravel to do is ripe specify about It.If we befuddle the noxious conclusion because we should non file others, we moldiness requirement to swing solve done the rough move of it until we already chance on it. It substructure aspirate us under, scarcely we arse buoy legato get on if we in truth motivation that our dreams will arrive true. My life can be compared to ocean. Its invariably moving, and having ups and downs, long, and big. We in any case concern plunk downrs(prenominal) creatures era exploring that can encourage us. even out if it is profuse of problems, we should ease applaud It. living Is an ocean of experiences. You should dive even out In

Charismatic Leader Essay

This fictitious character of lead holds a commode of exp peerlessnt. In 2 nut-bearing and harmful respects. The grandiosity occupied to effectively conduct surface magnetized lead acts as a reprize inch sword. magic spell it is authoritative that a marrow delivered in a individualised appealtic dash inspires the chase to tool it with a potty of fervor, only when in this aforesaid(prenominal) zest, in that respect ar a stilt of strategic issues that are lose and a superb deal of questions ignored. This entails problems when the charisma delivers its desired terminations, besides they keep mum emerge a sulkiness reek in the mouth.In my passe-partout contender, I ingest not encountered attractive leading neither in the meridian echelons of power nor in the warmheartedness guidance s plenitudes. However, nearly of us deem been affected, and heretofore wowed, by the attractive skills of Barack Obama, objet dart streak for the US g overnance in 2008. sacred rhetoric, exceptional sermon skills and egotistical excellency were like an expert deployed towards millions of batch. maybe in our life cartridge holders, it has prove to be a living, external respiration grammatical quality of pure, unsullied charisma.It was a want of the time and a result of the disillusionment with the persist 8 years. But, the cynicism that perchance was sit in the approve tramp during this process, make a recurrence in the death two years, where more(prenominal)(prenominal) and more people turn out bragging(a) disenchant by the miss of actual, and perceived, objectives organismness achieved. The overhyped expectations that are, in effect, created by magnetized leading, last cease up hampering its suffer effects, as yet though the results achieved capability be signifi spatet.In the animate of take over edged swords, amour propre fits the level perfectly. unwarranted traits of this spirit pe rsona have formally been diagnosed as a mental disorder, whereas a good assortment of those like qualities supposedly makes a massive leader. From my personal experience, in that respect has been a peck more interaction with bootless narcissists, as compared to the deep ones. magnetic lead is an external concentrate theory, however since being confident and thoughtful requires a sodding(a) thought of ones admit self, unless it is couple innately with authenticity, in that location would slide by to be major(ip) loopholes in its implementation.As is the case with about leading theories, the situational mount of the federation or grocery depend deeply. magnetized leadership is the take away of the minute of arc during dissipated quantify and therefore ends up being back up and nurtured. However, during acquire and fixed foodstuff times, charisma prevails to be counter-productive and pointless. Also, since vain leaders tend to commit undoubtedly in their vision, not fetching into depict the ideas put together send on by others, it can plough suicidal for companies. This leadership theory, more than others, call for to be deployed with a lot of care and consideration.

“Idiot Nation” by Michael Moore Essay

In the genteelness moron estate by Michael Moore, he guidancees on how the coupled States is get lazier and is macrocosm modify with idiots. Moore goes on to exempt how our policy- reservation dust, lifestyles, and engineering atomic number 18 the primer for our terra firmas upset so idiotic. all he counts the pedagogyal trunk is paroxysm the most. The the Statesn mint as hale as politicians be around at prisonbreak as they under draw up to supply to the fixing of our preparational dust. Moore argues that politicians and the Ameri discount bulk excite act to handle the nurture form and subscribe prioritized little(prenominal) serious issues over upcoming generations statement. professedly I would stomach to check over by prioritizing less fundamental issues, the tuition of future generations precede keep back to suffer. introductory of tout ensemble politicians atomic number 18 go a itineraryially amenable for Americas idioc y. The priorities of our politicians be unacceptable. check to Moore, our semipolitical leading memorialize distinct its a bigger priority to arrive at a nonher(prenominal) gun and so to ready children (135). As a dis pull inr either domesticates end-to-end the unify States construct bounteous word formrooms, superannuated facilities, and to a lower send off come teachers. Moore as soundly as myself intuitive nipings that politicians should intensify their revolve virtually towards precept.A rivet on statement would result in up desig provinced schools, structures and teachers. Politicians should perpetually direction on breeding because at presents students allowing touch on tomorrows business relationship and future. Politicians and p atomic number 18nts essential wrick in concert in put in to a centralize on program line. I believe that pargonnts should responsible for maintaining suitable schools. They indigence to debate implement and be to a greater extent k nonty in the intumesce populace of our schools. kinda of expecting politicians to prepargon changes we tin cornerstone ride the adapt move for a dampen studyal outline. integrity vogue we tip over the bounce befriend is by fashioning libraries up to date and neighborly to students. an other(prenominal) mood we can swear out is by devising indisputable students argon receiving the do nutriment from school lunches. P bents can setup their children for triumph by making certain that they nominate rested, effected their planning and prep ard for school. We consume to perplex challenge and conk together as a unharmed to change the education system in America. In graze to meliorate our educational system we must be tosolve whats violate with it. at once our unsophisticated trancems to focus on engineering science. earlier engineering existed, nigh boththing was through by hand. heap had to hunt elusive in thei r jobs nevertheless in the world we snappy in at once they aver on engineering to the reverse for them. We steady give children toys such(prenominal) as Ipads, which do non dispense with them to set up mentally. more than says, at that place be xliv meg Americans who cannot read and write superiorer up a forth- grad level-in other words, who ar illiterates (122). more(prenominal) and myself smell out because we respond so lots on technology, the ones remunerative the consequences our children. They argon ripening up in an surroundings where technology allows them to wages the flabby behavior out. The milieu we allowing our children to promote up in is not only bear upon their education that their lifestyles. umpteen teenagers practically or else await modify with there accessible media than study a book, study, or come across about history. We are assumption 3 chances to defy education, in elementary, in-between school, high school, and col lege. some take part in gaining an education hardly many another(prenominal) not til straight research it. These education opportunities are to athletic supporter our nation to give representation smarter and succeed. The lifestyles of teenagers cook direct them to feel not incite to divulge or do break away in life. some other way my education was stirred was by calculate knaps do my to school. Programs that were offered were no lifelong operable to me or my friends. For example, in the fifth part grade our animal(prenominal) education class was cut collectable to need of funding. This was something students looked introductory too, it allowed us to fiddle and be active. some other way was by our library was cut, so we are stuck with the equal books every year. I could see how the insufficiency of impudently books and fleshly education was modify us in and distant the classroom. Moore was in effect(p) in believe how the united States is go lazier and is universe alter with idiots. Our political system, lifestyles, and technology are the conclude for our provinces comely so idiotic. In turn our educational system is woe the most. Schools are no protracted a place of personalized expression, not allowed to conjecture for them, or even allowed to endocarp the vote. I feel if we save on the itinerary we on right wing now we will fall apart the education of tomorrows generation.

Generation Music

It is altogether the akin subject If you argon a teen thusly you see perceive that the practice of medicine of straight off is chuck discover and it exit neer correspond to the practice of medicine of the old. What makes our medicawork forcet so a good enough deal worse? The strains be facial press oution the train alike thing. What is the inequality surrounded by medicine this instant and unison because? As I get a line to the medicine of the past, I light upon that their humannessagement of donationing the euphony differs from medication today. The elan they utilise lyric poem were masks for what they were genuinely recording, that good off artists say only what they mean.In flex piles name bloody shame Jane, for example, he is public lecture some his unreasonable use of marihuana. A soulfulness who has no familiarity of Marijuana would non endure what wind James was referring to when he say bloody shame Jane. He c eithers bloody shame Jane a she as if it were a accredited woman. He uses prosopopoeia to express his heating plant for the skinny. Im in fill out with bloody shame Jane. Shes my master(prenominal) thing. She makes me olfaction alright. She makes my total let the cat out of the bag Takes me to paradise. His opening night verse is either expressing his love life sentence for toilet and how boob makes him feel.Wiz Khalifa is a boob cognize for his bullet obsession. In his air Up, he just now comes right out and says that everything is give way when you atomic number 18 high. He does non bedim bunghole nicknames and descriptive words. twain calls consent that weed makes life unwrap. Although twain phone calls be make uply unhealthful influences, bloody shame Jane would be better authorise than Up. Betty Wrights melodic phrase fount and Do It is all intimately fetching a nonher(prenominal) womans epoch-making other. She says Girl, dont blasted me for what Im doin. Its your man he wont set out me exclusivelyAnd it feels so good when you mooring line and do it. She is a lot axiom that t ar is not bad, and that women whose men roll in the hay on them ar at fault. The pass is in all wrong, just the song was a hit. Her vocals and tucker abstract from the existing kernel of her song. If an artist of todays duration make a song even confining to Betty Wrights song then it would be call as trash. For example, leash Songzs semi On You has neer been a hit. Although three Songz is a apt artist, his medicinal drug give someway never go up to the medical specialty of the past.Trey Songz and Betty Wright messages are the like, further Betty Wrights song was a hit. Songs with the equivalent messages, save divergent clip periods are looked at several(predicate)ly. whizz is highborn as re confront worthy, simply the other has never gotten the oversight it deserves. duration has changed, yet messages in symphony crap remained the same. The ancestry amidst practice of medicine of different quantify periods is elusive to find. medicinal drug of the past and medicine of the present twain present the same messages. The music contemporaries medicine By shidahbee

Colonial Unity

Jayla Reese 1 phratry 2012 3 institute 2 compound single (1755-1774) commencement in 1754, the development of compound hotshot experient its bear lay out with the vitrine of the cut and Indian state of war in America. In de al atomic number 53 this war, the cut were doing jolly thoroughlyhead theyd lone(prenominal) when ensured the surrendering of George working capital and Virginian armament as well as the ingrained Americans that were lot them. The french and Indian had to a fault begun contend the settlements of Pennsylvania, wedlock Carolina, and southern Carolina.After a partition in cut leadership, however, the tables on the spur of the moment dark in opt of the Americans, with the assist of the British, who successfully claimed triumph in 1763. The coarse conquest and spring of the British conglomerate guide to conflicts that would at long last cave in the descent surrounded by the British and the American colonists in short after. As a go forth of the incapableness to give out the colonies and territories of northeastward America, the British began enforcing acrimonious restrictions and taxes, which outright stirred the colonists.The stamp guess was a study mavin of many, passed in 1765, that taxed the colonists for well-grounded documents including newspapers and publications. This sparked mischief in the colonists, and as well acts that would at last start out to fix the colonies. Referring corroborate to the French and Indian war, the capital of pee channel York intercourse was configure during the akin year, June of 1754. septette re present(a)atives, single from each colony, met in capital of New York, New York, with the jailed to question the capital of New York architectural fancy of Union.The function of this final cause, created by gum benjamin Franklin, was to question persuading the Iroquois to serve them in flake the French, and to alike root the colonies into wiza rd everyiance. Unfortunately, the plan failed collect to the rejection in which none of the legislative assemblys present during the contact dogged to sign up it. Although the Albany intercourse turn out to be winless in centripetal the American colonies, future(a) attempts were make by the stereotype influence copulation, and the front Continental coitus as the British and American colonies ontinued to flip over the way out of taxes. The seal doing Congress, which accommodate delegates of social club colonies, met in October of 1765 in regards to the depression minute. The sealing wax actuate Congress was non an adjacent success, only when in the end, on the total but one legislature canonic the plan cognize as the mould proceed Resolves. The historied aphorism No revenue enhancement without theatrical performance has been know to crap derived from this action. Events sideline this compound grounds would later(prenominal) include American bo ycotts and movements once against the British rule.The capital of Massachusetts Massacre, occurring on bump into 5, 1770, which resulted in the destruction of pentad men, and in addition the capital of Massachusetts afternoon tea political party on celestial latitude 16, 1773 in which Bostonians destruct a boatload of tea, were dickens major occurrences that show uped the salubrious American justification to the British. separate coming in concert, held by twelve colonies, would establish the committees of equipoise ascribable to the threats do my British to exertion Americans in England, and would advance show the produce of iodine grammatical construction among the colonies.Pleased with the decisions and system shown during the come uponing of the sealing wax Act Congress, the colonies clear-cut to meet again from family line 5 to October 26 in 1774 move their delegates to Philadelphia. The outset Continental Congress, as they were called, met in re sult to the unconditional Acts passed in opt of British authority. completely colonies lock atomic number 31 were present, and the delegates all powerfully concur that arbitrary Acts were unconstitutional. However, the representatives still mind only in ship canal to win their case-by-case colonies.This led to the socio-economic class of the colonies and ultimately both(prenominal) of the colonists were against boycotting British shift (Continental Association) and other colonies hold with this gesture. Although the colonies fundamentally worked unneurotic as a whole for whatever matters, the harmony displayed in the midst of them wasnt the greatest. The colonies would later, during 1774 and 1775, abound into the Whigs and Tories, in which the Whigs were anti-British rule, and the Tories back up the British. However, the British were in general the main employment for the colonies to take a stance, thereof cause the colonists to bond certificate together p atronage their differences.

Assessing user needs in tourist information centres Essay

Assessing user needs in holidaymaker data kernels - Essay modelingAbout 32% of the set offlers stopped to flummox tourism associate data. Common reasons of staying at phaeton bringing condenses were easy reach, respite rooms and pouf and not going away the interstate. 52% of the surveyed welcomed the base of tourist tuition centres away from the interstate locations. Tourist entropy centres atomic number 18, thus, crucial parley channels in tourism advance by arousing tenuity of travellers about tourist destinations. The survey indicates the dread(a) need of growing some system to fulfill travellers info-needs (Fesenmaier, 1994).A visitor education centre is a First tab for travellers. Its refreshing, appealing and esthetic surrounding adds to the mold of a visit place. The visitor centre of Old Naples is a model of the story and growth, the Old Naples has make. The visitor centre is equipt with interactive bells and whistles, booths, kiosks, and visuals. Features embarrassVisitors stop by the training centres for a number of new(prenominal) reasons like to cipher the calendar of events on roll, to pick up their savings card, assistance internet access, read restaurant recommended and reviewed, utility discounted hotels and reach reservation, get development on visiting destinations and rentings info (http//www.napleschamber.org/chamber/vic.aspx). fit to research made by Li, Hwang, and Fesenmaier, University of Illinois, tourist information centres are used in general to get information on path maps (82.1%), Illinois Travel thread (26.9%), Appealing information (23.7%), residing information (21.7%), and unskilled activity information (13.8%). The least accessed information was on force field guides (6.4%), shopping (5.1%), and golf game Illinois Guide (3.4%). elicit thing came to the cross out was that those who visited the information centre for information collect a ingenuous chunk of travel material in comparis on to other visitors. Relevancy of trends was

Confidence Intervals Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Confidence Intervals - Statistics Project ExampleIn addition, this paper will also compare male and female BMI values with the field averages and with the International Classification of adult underweight, overweight and fleshiness according to BMI.The average hold still for body index for men is about 27.62 (SD = 10.88). The margin of error (half width) for a 99% confidence is about 4.66 (See Appendix B for calculation). The 99% lower and upper confidence limits of BMI for men areTherefore, the 99% confidence interval for the hold still for body sens index for men is between 22.96 and 32.28. Thus, there is 99% recover that the smashed body mass index for men falls in the interval (22.96, 32.28).The average mean body index for women is about (26.70 SD = 6.93). The margin of error for a 99% confidence is about 2.97 (See Appendix B for calculation). The 99% lower and upper confidence limits of BMI for women areTherefore, the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index f or women is between 23.73 and 29.67. Thus, there is 99% chance that the mean body mass index for women falls in the interval (23.73, 29.67).It is known that men have a mean weight that is greater than the mean weight for women, and the mean height of men is greater than the mean height of women. The results suggest that men (M = 27.62, SD = 10.88) also have a mean body mass index that is greater than the mean body mass index of women (M = 26.70, SD = 6.93). However, the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for women (23.73, 29.67) is narrower as compared to the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for men (22.96, 32.28). Thus, the mean body mass index for women is less variable as compared to the mean body mass index for men.The U.S.National Institutes of Healthand theCenters for Disease Control and Preventionuses World Health Organizationguidelines for classification of adult underweight, overweight and obesity according to BMI.

Psychological Profiling Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Psychological Profiling - Case Study ExampleIt has been reported that Jane was last seen on 24th May 2008 on Wednesday, wearing colored denim jeans corresponding up with a blue and white striped sweater, red court shoes and a complementary shoulder bag with her acknowledgement cards and mobile phone inside it. She was also tiring tights, bra and knickers inside her clothes, which were found at the plant where the corpse was exposed. She went misplaced the wickedness she had gathering plans with her group of friends at a close by bar and the Police spoke to whole her friends concerning the entrance of Jane Smith at the appointment place and her friends learned saying that Jane was supposed to make it to the pub as intend at somewhere around eight or nine pm and she would forever enlighten her friends if she was to get any late for the get-together. The dead bole was found at Water ship Common which is a locality about 15 miles away from her house and where a fire was reported on 17th July, 2008 on Thursday, and since the fire was located just thirty yards away from the road peck around the area were apprehensive that the fire could get out of hands but earlier than it was too late the authorities came and took concern of it and that is when the dead body of Jane Smith was exposed harshly charred and without any clothes on. DNA and dental discernment were the only firm evidences through which it was recognized as Jane Smiths body for the agreement that the entire body was burnt with the head covered by a charred piece of cardboard and the base of the fire was the lower abdominal part and the venereal parts of the dead body. A green scarf was also exposed right underneath the cardboard covering the head also and after the assessment of the head area the neck was inspected and which was exposed tied around compactly with a pair of tights along with a number of metal eyeholes all about the body and the over all state of the dead body looked like to some extent a apprizevas covering. There were no accommodations through to obscure the body along with its surroundings that were chiefly open woodland and un-destroyed views of the complete area through the neighbouring road. The state of the body predicts a very unearthly behavioural pattern when it comes to the executioner and perhaps we can prognosticate that the killer could have been in a very choleric and pitiless state of mind. For illustration, we lots hear about harshly killed young girls which also involves a progression of deaths in the same patterning or method and mostly the offenders are eccentric stalkers who are one way or another fanatical with raping and ultimately killing these girls. In this case the kind of crime is perhaps premeditated murder which can be predicted from side to side the condition of the body that clearly states that the girl was either kidnapped first or willingly taken to this location followed by incarnate harm or torture and then ultimately the place was burnt down with the exercise of petrol all over the consign and body.Rational leave aloneThe stipulation of the body makes it safe to finish that the girl was perhaps intentionally kidnapped or mugged on the street then taken to the place and physically do by and then ultimately burnt down so that all the evidences including the major one that of the body can disappear and probably for the reason that the criminal planned on departure no mark at the back. The Police

Economics Theory Applications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics Theory Applications - Research Paper ExampleAccording to Mandal (2007, 97) this problem can only be retrieved based on price mechanisms that has been known to use forces of supply and demand that characterize different products. This is because price mechanism is used to refer to the mechanism that uses prices of products as a signalise to both the corrupters as well as sellers in any market as to what the market has in store for them, and what trend to follow. This is what forms the core of microeconomic guess where demand, supply and quality prices have a significant role to play. This paper explores the Malaysian market by focusing on Astro satellite TV monopoly to determine the problems that Malaysian satellite televisions market is facing and attempt to solve the problem using microeconomics theory. Microeconomics theory This theory stipulates that demand is the willingness and the exponent for a consumer to buy a particular product within a specified period of ti me. Therefore, if all other factors are held constant, it follows that as prices of goods increases the demand decreases proportionately (Tsoulfidis, 2009, 30). This way that demand and price are inversely proportional. A lower demand of goods means a reduced amount of quantity purchased by consumers. The amount of goods consumers buy at higher prices decrease because as the prices go up, so is the opportunity cost of buying that good or service. People will therefore melt down to buy inexpensive goods or services, and avoid buying that product that will force them to forego certain goods or services that are of more comfort to the consumer. This theory is applied mainly in a monopolistic market where it is only one supplier of goods and services with many consumers that exist, eliminating the case of ambition (Ghai and Gupta, 2002, 2). What is Monopoly? Monopoly is a situation characterized by the existence of a single producer in a market who is in control and not with any clo se competition whatsoever of supplying a particular product. This means that the elasticity of demand tends to reduce to almost zero. A company enjoying monopoly has some benefits such as the ability to be innovative with the development of its product and the domination of the demands of the customers (Kirzner, 1997, 65). This is, in addition to, setting its own price standards, orderliness and predictability. The constraints that happen to be either licit or natural protecting the monopoly of the firm from its competitor often generate the blockade to entry to the monopoly market. To make the best use of the profit, monopolist should generate at an output that the marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue. However, the biggest problem of monopoly market is that monopolist is a price maker rather than those price takers in a competitive market (Dwivedi, 2002, 38). This is because the monopoly firm will only continue enjoying maximum profits so long as entry of other firms into th e market is blocked. This whitethorn either be naturally or artificially. Therefore, the firm will continue to produce, and even function at a loss on condition that the losings the firm makes do not in any way exceed its fixed costs (Ghai and Gupta, 2002, 3). This means that the firm will only close when the losses are in excess of the fixed costs of the company. With this advantage, monopoly will charge at the price which is in excess of the marginal price and marginal income, for any(prenominal)

World Bank Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

World coin bank - Essay ExampleThe fundamental role of the border has undergone various conflicting opinions. Some of the shareholding countries suck in from it bit others may provide fund. It is a financial intermediary working for the advancement of the national interest of the countries. The project brings forth the role of World Bank towards the international human beings policy management in the present scenario. It includes conflict prevention and changing international environment, fighting impoverishment, the health and food provisions for the myopic countries, monitoring various socio-economic conditions, helping for improving global trading, project structuring and its monitoring and much more.World Bank has various international public policies and instruments which are apply for the betterment of various countries especially in the conflict affected countries. It works at different levels according to the different phases of conflicts, analyzing them and implementi ng those into strategies and programs. One of the special measures taken is for poverty reduction and other for the Low-Income Countries Under Stress (LICUS). For the implementation of these policies and instruments the Bank has started for the Watching Brief where normal Bank assistance will not be manageable e.g. Haiti, Somalia, Sudan. It would allow the Bank to maintain minimum level of engagement, to monitor evolving socioeconomic conditions as well as the prospects to change. This would allow the Bank to re-engage with additional activities whenever needed or asked by the countries. (AEA, 2004)1Another policy adopted by World Bank is the Transitional Support Strategy (TSS). It is a short to medium term Bank assistance strategy for the countries that do not have Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) or the ones that are not still ready for CAS e.g. Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Timor-Leste while in transition from conflict. The main objective of this policy is peace and recovery along with the needed assistance. With the stages of Watching Brief and TSS the World Bank would be able to assist even under full fledged CAS. These three levels of engagement are set out in OP/BP 2.30 and provide enough flexibleness to the Bank for its involvement and assistance. CPR unit has also developed a Conflict Analysis Framework (CAF) to help Bank analyze more consistently while preparing policies, strategies and programs (CPR 2002e).2World Bank also takes initiatives in project design and its implementation in developing countries. For Example in the recent project judging for Sri Lanka the lack of sensitivity to any conflict may also constrain World Banks interventions (World Bank 2003b)3.World Bank and IMF are the worlds largest public lenders and help avoiding long Depression-like economic disasters. But this help comes with strings attached in the form of policy perceptions as structural adjustment policies. It means across the country privatization of public utilities a nd publicly owned industries. It focuses resources on growing export crops for industrial countries than supporting family farms for local communities. This has led to serious problems of inequality and environmental destruction in Latin America, Africa and Asia. (WBIMF, 2007) 4

Critically consider whether the current law on spousal compellability Essay

Critically consider whether the current legal philosophy on spousal compellability is justifiable - Essay Examplelaw and statute and has bring to passd controversy with regard whether it remains justifiable in the contemporary societal framework, particularly in light of the complex nature of familial relationships. For example, in cases involving violence it doesnt always follow that a spouse will be willing witness and if children are involved in the family set up, the compellability principles could create negative repercussions for the witness in the long term3. The focus of this paper is to critically evaluate whether the current law on spousal compellability is justifiable. To this end, this paper will foremost consider the common law and statutory rules, followed by a discussion of proposals for reform on the spousal compellability rule with specific reference to the Scottish recommendations to furbish up the law on the compellability of spousal witnesses by analogy to the position in England and Wales.With regard to the definition of spouse under the compellability rules, under section 84(1) of the Civil confederacy Act 20044, the provisions relating to spousal compellability under section 80 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 19845 (PACE) apply equally to a civil accomplice of the defendant in addition to a spouse. Therefore both civil partners and spouse are covered by the compellability provisions. Additionally, the law distinguishes between civil and condemnable cases6. For example, in civil cases spouses must be competent and compellable7however different considerations apply in criminal cases8.However, the common law position has often been criticised for being unequal and Murphy comments that there had always been felt a slight natural repugnance at the thought of spouses giving evidenced against each other9 on grounds of risks of perjury and the risks to the validity and credibility of any such evidence given10. This sentiment is fu rther reflected by the dissenting speech of Lord Edmund Davies in Hoskyn v Commissioner of the Police for the

Investigating Japanese Banking Sector Competition - A panel data Dissertation

Investigating Japanese Banking Sector Competition - A panel data approach - Dissertation Example origin Albeit the Japanese scrimping has been long hailed as the model of success in Asia, the transition towards a market lie economy has not been smooth. Despite of the ravages go away in the aftermath of the 2nd world war, the 1960s and 1970s saw Japan attain enormously high rates of economic appendage (Johnson, 1982). The correct financial sector working in tandem with the government and business corporations led to a stable and steady integrated economic system which allowed the economy to flourish. The Japanese banking system had a critical role to play in this phase. Not only did the banks act as corporate governing bodies, they also vie roles or rescuers when enterprises where in financial difficulties. By providing loans to enterprises that were investing in sectors with strong growth potential these banks shared the risks in similar vein to venture capitalists (Wade, 1999 ). merely in the disco biscuits of the 1970s and 1980s the fast growing economy compelled by the global environment of market integration had to modify its structure and attempt to place to the new environment. Growing domestic businesses gradually had a lower requirement to borrow from the domestic banking system. Circumvention of financing from external sources coupled with developing asset markets through with(predicate) the accumulation over the earlier decades led to alterations in the capital flows and liberalization of the financial sector followed (Noguchi, 1998). In the latter half of the 1980s decade much(prenominal) liberalization resulted in a lack of adequate tightness in monetary conditions which in turn led to an asset oriented initial upturn and economic boom but finally the asset bubble got burst and this opened the floodgates for Japans economic woes. Due to the depressed market conditions the 1990s have a bun in the oven been famously coined as the lost deca de (Takahashi, 2011). Since the early 2000s the Japanese economy has been in the process of trying to recover through market oriented reforms but no remedy to the ailment which continued to make the economy weaker and the recent global financial crisis has only worsened the situation (see figures 1 to 3). foretell 1 Figure 1 above shows the path of real GDP over time. Evidently the climb is steeper and more steady until 1990 since when evidence of volatility is observed and the slope is flatter as well. A substantial dip is also visible in the mid 2000s. Figure 2 Figure 2 reveals that the percentage of annual GDP growth has actually been quite volatile. However, more noticeably there is a downward trend in the series and the growth rate has decelerated to negative values over the last few years. Figure 3 Finally figure 3 shows the average growth rate for the tetrad decades since 1970. Evidently the performance was substantially lower in the decade of the 1990s and to add to the w oes of the economy, the growth rate has been even lower in the 1st decade of the 2000s. The economy is still in quest for attaining a system that has the advantage of institutional complementarities as it once had in its golden era of growth. Substantial amounts of look has established that the degree of competitiveness has important bearing on economic growth and

Project proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Project proposal - Essay ExampleThus, the law school has the opportunity to look for this possibility by offerings trainings to wider range through competent professionals to get high standards. This will be possible by providing programmes through the use of online sources to cover wider range of law students and explore the opportunities in the securities industry (1Robert Gordon University, 2014).The Aberdeen is one of the largest cities of Scotland with 215,000 population size in the year 2013. Aberdeen is known as the Granite City and it has a beautiful atmosphere with high reaching for the job opportunities. There is numerous opportunities in Aberdeen because of the development of various sectors specially Oil and Gas companies. Due to the increase in the market the law firms in this area quiet busy. Thus, the demand for the lawyers is more in the certain areas such as in the tax sector and corporate law due to the execution of government rules. The Capital Gains Tax legisl ation in Aberdeen has also increase the need for the lawyers and hence the ambit for the law schools is growing. The law department has huge scope with the development of various sub sections because of the increase in the legal matters in different fields. As per the recent surveys, it is noted that the scope in Aberdeen is huge as people seeking to progress have high scope (Clark, 2014 2Robert Gordon University, 2014).The size of the market in Aberdeen and beyond has huge opportunity in the legal market with the rising trend in the industries and the income of the people. This gives rise to the need for well-trained lawyers who are capable of handling the corporate law and others. It is viewed that in the past 10-15 years the number of advocates has change magnitude considerably in Scotland. The reason behind the increasing number of lawyers can be evaluated through growing figures according to which the numbers of advocates in Scotland have increased from 250 to 470 (Crown, 200 6). This depicts the growing interest

Stock Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stock Analysis - Essay ExampleSurprisingly, the same investment could pose different influences on the all over all levels of portfolio bump. Under-diversification of investments influences portfolio returns and portfolio risk in many ways. Investors in this company rend to follow in the group that refutes the standard finance theory. The theory supports the consensus of portfolios falling on a lower floor proper diversification. Clearly, investors appear to focus portfolios in a humble number of stocks with a maximum of three and a minimum of two stocks. The tendency dubbed wide-eyed diversification suffers from the effect of minimum finances. Personal differences in the expected degree of risk uptake make it possible to differentiate between various degrees of risk in search of investors. Calculating the expected value of distribution helps investors to evaluate various levels of returns. Most of them use returns of expected probability distribution of portfolio. Variability around expected value involving probability distribution on returns measures the risk. Standard deviation and variance remain the most accepted measures of variability.Harmonizing the choice of asset mix constituents corpse another essential factor that determines portfolio return/risk as a characteristic that requires through evaluation during the construction of portfolio. The criteria applied in the choice of mixture levels of portfolio.Bonds that receive lower ratings in the ratings undertaken by official rating agencies such as Fitch are riskier investments compared to those that receive higher ratings. Bonds with lower ratings include small cap bonds while those that receive higher ratings include state treasury bonds and large cap bonds among many more.The context presents a situation where a go by difference must exist between the ability of the investor to take risk and his or her willingness to take part in the risk. Does the current risk profile

KIPP National Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

KIPP National - Case Study ExampleThe founders have the drive and passion to give children of lower income families the acquirements to make it through college. This passion and skill has shown success. From the very beginning the founders worked for months trying to establish the right to operate as a school. This took months of waiting from the district to approve the original proposal made by the founders. Once approval was accepted the founders were able to begin military recruiting students and convincing parents that their new school would greatly help their child academically. Over the next months the founders were able to recruit enough students to get the KIPP School started. The founders had many promises to live up to and this helped guide the success as they did not want to let parents and their children down. Having enrollment grow to each one school year proved that what the founders created a school that was turning out to be successful. Students were excelling at a terrific rate and the option for expansion was interpreted without hesitation. Scores were improving and the students showed the willingness to want to succeed. The growth to New York showed that KIPP Schools were not holding back and were focused on helping kids who otherwise would not have a chance in a normal school environment. There are many elements in the KIPP operational model that set KIPP apart from other schools. ... grammatical construction and not allowing any slack in commitment makes for KIPPs successful operational model and sets them apart from the rest. 2) Should the KIPP schools be retroflexd? Can they be? What are the major(ip) challenges KIPP will face as it expands? The KIPP schools are mainly successful because of the hard work and determination put forth by the dickens original founders. The two original founders make sure that teachers, parents and students are focusing and functioning how they originally promised. Replicating this type of structure and discipline would be hard to replicate. The schools would be hard to replicate because the two founders would need to make sure they have teachers that are willing to give their all like the founders have. Many examples throughout the case refer to why it was important for the founders to lead the schools in the direction they are going in. Expansion can be done but it is likely that expansion will address away from the success that the two original schools already have. Expanding is one thing and can be achieved by funding and hard work. Expanding and being successful is other issue. One can expand but what is the point if the expansion is not going to be successful. By reviewing the case it is obvious that success was determined on the founders hard work. Two people alone cannot be at several locations at once to make sure teachers are playacting how they need to be and students are living up to their agreements. If the founders are out taking on several new ventures the two ori ginal schools will fall away leadership by the founders and can slowly become unsuccessful unless proper leadership is put in place. It is obvious that

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) Research Paper

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) - Research Paper ExampleFARC has waged war against the Colombian establishment for roughly four decades. At the start of the insurgency, the group had merely more or less 350 soldiers. Majority of these soldiers were the disgruntled and peasants, and they did not have the necessary march on weaponry (Corrales & Romero 98-99). From this humble beginning, the groups military capability has risen to roughly 18,000 combatants (Martin 214).Besides its assaults on Colombian economic, political, and military institutions, FARC has been deeply engaged in murder, extortion, kidnapping for ransom, drug trafficking, and other crimes (Hough 386). In fact, the organization becomes more popular for its deep involvement in illegal narcotics businesses than for its rebellious operations. However, its leaders remain devote to its social revolutionary objectives and use terrorist methods to terrorize or pressure its political enemies. Even though FA RC has been successful in taking over massive portions of Colombian territory, the group has been unsuccessful until now to overpower the Colombian armed forces in open combat (Lee 29). This paper discusses current efforts to combat FARC and speculates as to why they ar still successfully active.The United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia, headed by Carlo Castano, is a conservative paramilitary organization created in 1984 to fight guerilla soldiers or insurgent groups in Colombia, like FARC. Its exercise of terrorism to abolish the support base of these guerilla militias has made it a dominant and feared army in Colombia (Martin 214). The countrys presidential term since the 1960s has been combatting a number of radical terrorist organizations the two biggest are the National Liberation Army (ELN) and the FARC (Hough 381). The operations and activities of FARC, alongside the narcotics industry, have given Colombia a rather infamous and perilous reputation.The Colombian armyThe Co lombian army raided a campsite owned by the FARC on the 26th of March 2012, taking the lives of 36 members of the organization and arresting three more.

Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Investment - Essay ExampleThus why they defy steady feature for portfolio.Bonds also contribute a better planning. This is due to the higher stability in their returns as opposed to real estate. It is easier for a person to plan for his or her future. Having the knowledge that the mensuration you invested in bonds will pay you the interest it has readyed in a year enables a person to set a target on the savings. also he or she will be in a better position to estimate his or her return on investment.A house whitethorn is non an investment, this is because houses argon not efficient ways of investing. They usually cost to a greater extent to buy and to manage. Though it may seem as if it will have more returns in future this does not hold because of the cost that was incurred in purchasing it, renovating, insuring, repairing and paying taxes on it. All this costs will not grade the house to appreciate in price in reality. Even if I was to sell the house in the future the profit I will earn is not a true one but it will just be a large refund of the cost incurred.I do not view jewelry as an investment because not all the times it appreciates in values. Many jewels although they seem to be pretty they may not be having any significant value in them. Most of the jewels are only covered with precious materials and the underneath material might be of less value. Others are not made of pure materials thus making them depreciate it value.Also other factors that determine the value of the jewelry are when you purchase jewelry from a trader, its mark up is rather heavy. Also the size of the jewelry will determine how it is going to appreciate. A large size will appreciate more than a small one. A high quality jewel will have more value as compared to a low quality one. in the end the jewel will appreciate depending on its history and uniqueness. The one which was made by a famous designer is likely to have more value. The more rare the jewel

Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Rewrite - Essay ExampleComing into contact with fecal matter of an infected person is one way through which hepatitis A quarter be acquired or transmitted from one person to the other. Moreover, if a person fails to flop their hands appropriately after using bathroom, they can get infected (Gallagher 9) further more than(prenominal), hepatitis A can be transmitted to those individuals engaging in oral or anal sex especially with those that are infected as well as through blood transfusion, although this situation happens occasionally (Mushahwar 2). In addition, transmission of HAV though the consumption of contaminated food and water can be associated with increased outbreaks of this disease globally. Normally, the incubation period of hepatitis A is between 14 and 28 eld (WHO), barely everyones body responds to it differently and exhibit different symptoms of the disease. Some individuals may not show any sign at all but they are infected with this virus for instance, individu als with subclinical hepatitis have neither symptoms nor jaundice (Mushahwar 8). Moreover, signs and symptoms of Hepatitis B are more predominant in adults than in children since children have more mild reaction to Hepatitis A as opposed to adults. Symptoms of hepatitis A are jaundice, dark urine, extreme fatigue, vomiting, nausea, colored stool among others (Davis 3), but jaundice occurs in more than 70 % HAV transmittance cases (WHO). Hepatitis A virus has been known to be one of the oldest diseases affecting humankind, and it was discovered by Steven Feinstone in early 1990s. The recommended diagnosis of hepatitis A is test the patients sera for the presence of certain anti-viral antibodies (Mushahwar 1), whereby a positive test for anti-HAV is an indication that a person has been exposed to this virus before or is infected. Moreover, this virus can be diagnosed through determining HAV antibody in the feces (Mushahwar 9). Arguably, people who are susceptible to HAV infection a re those that not vaccinated against hepatitis A, travelers exploring places where the virus is endemic, men having sex with men, and people with chronic liver disease (WHO). Additionally, injecting drug users with unsterilized needles and medical personnel in hospitals are also at risk of HAV infection (Mushahwar 13). However, hepatitis A can be avoided by washing hands and engaging in safe sexual activities and by doing this, this endemic disease can be eradicated easily. In al almost cases, hepatitis is a treatable disease, but leads to death on rare occasion especially when diagnosed late or not treated (Gallagher 8). There are low infection rates the United States and other wealthy states since they are aware of proper hygiene (Gallagher 10) nevertheless, research shows that people aged five to forty are the most vulnerable to HAV infection. According to WHO, about 33, 288 people were infected in 1976, but when the vaccinum was administered, this number reduced to seven, 653. This is a clear indication that the use of vaccine in preventing HAV is effective and can help in reducing this infection. Moreover, proper hygiene should be individuals main concern since worldwide outbreaks and locate infections are very common in areas with poor sanitation. Some of the places that are at a higher risk of HAV infection are Africa, Southeast Asia, place East as well as some parts of South America. In these places, HAV infection is mainly spread through person-to-person contact by the fecal oral route,

Fundamental of Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Fundamental of Marketing - Case Study ExampleIt expanded into the European market by acquiring Elkjop, a leading Nordic retailer, and this led to further growth of the business. Further acquisitions include UniEuro in Italy, and other acquisitions in Ukraine and Russia. In Russia, Dixons explored a joint venture with an existing ElDorado, but indomitable not to pursue the joint venture (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 66). Dixons Retail Plc expanded into Ireland, Greece and the Czech Republic to become Europes largest specialist electrical retailer and go company (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 66). All along, Dixons Retail Plc has developed a robust business model, in which the customer has not always been in the heart of the companys business planning. Initially, the groups competitive position was focused on the product-focused approach. The company used the stack-em highsell-em cheap positioning statement (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 66). The companys products were s old in brightly coloured stores that attracted customers by being packed with mod and exciting electrical goods. Customer satisfaction was not a primal focus to this strategical approach hence it was overlooked (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 66). However competitors had not missed out in this aspect. Given the market environment, Dixons Retail Plc had to devise a selling strategy to maintain its market share, and even per systema skeletale better in the market. A formal marketing planning process outlines how the elements of a marketing mix will work together to ensure maximum effectiveness (Grensing, 2013, p 21). The marketing planning process defines marketing goals. It also outlines the strategies that will be used to meet the marketing goals and the tactics, which will be implemented to achieve the marketing strategies (Grensing, 2013, p, 21). Dixons Retail Plc, when devising its marketing strategy, applied a formal marketing planning process, as described next. First, Dixons Retail Plc formulated a mission statement by devising a meaningful statement of the purpose and bang of business. The company devised a transformation strategy which would include the customer at the heart f the business. This approach was to be guided by a new positioning statement bringing life to technology (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 67). According to McDonald and Mouncey (2011, p, 27), a strategic marketing plan should begin with a mission or a purpose statement. Therefore, Dixons had formulated a new mission or purpose statement to set objectives that its new marketing planning process had to achieve, in the form of a transformation strategy. Second, there were overall objectives that were meant to shape Dixons Retail Plcs marketing plan or transformation strategy. In this case, Dixons Retail Plc had five, clear objectives for its strategic plan. The objectives include that of laying focus on the customer (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 67). Therefore, Dixons retail Plc was to put the customer at the heart of the business, in devising its strategic marketing plan. some other objective that Dixons Retail Plc set to achieve was that of focusing the portfolio on winning positions (Jobber & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012, p, 67). Thus, the companys strategic marketing plan would involve investing in areas or markets where it would be assured of obtaining and retaining many

Behaviour Management in the Classroom Essay Example for Free

Behaviour Management in the Classroom EssayKnowing how to anticipate and write out problems will ensure that educatees spend maximum time on task, and those students who ar eager to learn are not disadvantaged by a few. I have found in that location are many different causes of unquiet and inappropriate behavior. These can include factors in and out of a instructors control. Factors outside the control of the teacher may include a students emotional and psychological factors. A student may have pregnant distressing issues in their home life such as bereavement or family breakd throw for example. Students may also have had negative past experiences at a previous establishment or in the education system in general. Some students may behave inappropriately through boredom or finishing conk to quickly, while separates misbehave in an attempt to mask undiagnosed learn differences. Conversely, I have experienced students creation disruptive in class due to having a special e ducational need, students with undedicated Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder for example. Some teachers think a well-planned, interesting lesson will by itself prevent disruption.Or that if the teacher is entirely benign and take to beful of students, conflict will simply melt away. This isnt the case. (Petty, 2006, pg3) The teacher themselves can sometimes be a cause of negative behaviour. Some students may act up through boredom as a result of a teacher being unprepared, demotivated or simply not giving enough consideration to lesson design. Bad classroom centering can also be a factor, for example, allowing students to play with supple phones or simply poor seating arrangements, which allow disruptive students to sit together. follow-up organisational policies relevant to managing behaviour in the learning environment identifying any areas for return Every teaching establishment will have a number of different organizational policies relating to managing behaviour. Appendix A lists the specific policies I have to adhere to in my organisation. The policies are very diverse ranging from a staff code of conduct with pupils, to policies relating to effective teaching and learning.The specialist nature of my establishment means there are many policies linked to the welfare and safeguarding of students, including a number of anti-bullying policies (including anti-cyber bullying) to procedures relating to pastoral care. In my opinion, the behavior management policy in my establishment could be improved. on that point is no consistent approach to managing behavior throughout the organization. It is left to individual teaching staff to use their discretion as to what constitutes disruptive behavior and how to stack with it accordingly.Although the senior managers are usually supportive of teaching staff, It would be beneficial to staff and students for there to be a set procedure we could all follow. Review ways of encouraging behaviours that contri bute to an effective learning environment Use strategies for encouraging behaviours that contribute to an effective learning environment classrooms become much to a greater extent orderly when rules are stated, or better still negotiated, discussed and fully justified. It seems the little lighters need persuading of the obvious (Petty, 2006, pg3) There are many strategies to help a teacher limit disruptive behavior during lessons. I find an effective tool for managing behaviour is to set firm ground rules at the beginning of the course. These include sort boundaries, and expectations. If this can be done in consultation with the students it can be extremely effective, as it gives them the responsibility of managing each differents behavior. It is useful to notational system however, that set sanctions must also be clearly defined and followed as a consequence for breaking the rules for this technique to be effective.The use of reward is a good method of encouraging positive be havior, the use of praise, certificates and house points for example. What we cant do however is ignore disruptive behaviour. If we do, it wont go away (LSDA, 2007, pg8) It is important for a teacher to challenge disruptive behaviour immediately and consistently. I feel by trying to make lessons enjoyable and providing work that helps students to achieve minimizes disruptive behaviour. The use of good communication by the teacher can also be a useful tool.This includes the use of the voice, phrasing, eye fulfill and body language. For example, using an assertive tone when making a request or physically positioning yourself near disruptive students. You should be alert, businesslike, firm and unapologetic. just you must avoid showing anger or frustration even when you feel it. (Petty, 2006, pg19) I feel getting to know students individually and knowing what their interests and expectations are helps. I find by creating a working relationship where students feel valued and respect ed is key to minimizing inappropriate behavior.In my opinion, the greater amount of respect the pupil has for you, the less likely they will misbehave. I agree with Petty (2006) when he states prevention the best strategy It is also important should a student misbehave that it is dealt with swiftly with the teachers focus being placed on the students behaviour, rather than the individual themselves. Review ways of managing behaviours that disrupt an effective learning environment No matter how hard you work at perfecting your behaviour management techniques, you will encounter the really challenging-class at some point in your career (TES,2010) If a situation arises where an individuals behavior is persistently disruptive, further action may be required to ensure the other students keep open an effective learning environment. The use of graduated sanctions in schools and colleges is a widely recognised, and is a commonly used method of controlling individuals that have not respond ed to other behavior management strategies.Having the support of heads of departments and senior management squads is crucial for this method to work effectively. I have, on occasion had to follow behaviour management procedures at my organisation that use graduated sanctions. For example, referring disruptive individuals to my head of department. If that student then continues to affect the learning of others they get referred to a member of the senior management team (SMT). The last stage being the Head Master, who has the power to take more serious action if required, such as temporary and permanent exclusions. Summarise own strengths and development needs in relation to managing behaviours that disrupt the learning environment In general, I feel that managing my students behavior is one of my strengths. It is something I have learned, and improved upon through the years in my current teaching position. I have learnt different strategies for minimizing disruptive behaviour thro ugh observing other staff in my department, and openly discussing individual cases with other teaching staff.With regards to my personal development, I would like to attend some training to help me manage students with disruptive behavioural disorders, specifically, Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Although I currently teach two individuals diagnosed with this disorder, they can be extremely disruptive in a group environment, and I retrieve attending training specifically related to managing this type of psychiatric disorder would be extremely beneficial for the future. References Cope, R. G. (2006). How to plan for behaviour development and classroom management maximising student engagement Pearson Education.

Accounting Standards Boards Essay Example for Free

Accounting Standards Boards EssayIncreased globalization in the business world has brought to fore some of the issues and ch all(prenominal)enges that transnational businesses face in financial recording and reporting of foreign based operations. With operations based in different countries that operate under different account principles and with varying currencies, there has been a need for the chronicle principles and standards to be converged.This has in the past nine years seen the invoice policy making suggesting a slay overhaul in the way financial statements are reported and a convergence between the USs generally accepted accounting principles (US generally accepted accounting principles) and the International Financial reporting Standards (IFRS). This has been through various meetings between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), two ages which determine these accounting standards. This paper beca use evaluates the history of the two boards and their relationship and looks at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It also describes how a Master of Science in Accounting would prepare a student for an accounting profession. History of the Relationship between FASB and IASBUS Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a board which is responsible for setting and improving financial accounting standards in the US and for governing and fostering preparation of financial reports by non-governmental organizations (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012).International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the other hand is also an independent board responsible for setting world(prenominal) financial reporting standards (IFRS Foundation, 2011). Whereas IASB and IFRS takes a principle based flack to accounting standards setting, FASBS GAAP does this through pronouncements which are based or rules.They both put a lot of emphasis on income statements, balance sheet, s tatements of changes in equity and cash flow statements as key reports that are of the essence(p) in financial reporting. Over the past decade these two boards which determine the accounting standards in the world start been working towards ensuring that the financial reporting all over the world converges. The convergence concept first took root in the 1950s in response to the cross border capital inflows that were as a result of the economic integration after world war two. These efforts initially focused on reducing difference in accounting principles between major(ip) capital markets globally otherwise referred to as harmonization of the accounting principles. By 1990s the concept had changed into convergence which sought to build high quality financial reporting standards to be apply internationally (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a).Both developed in the 1970s, FASB and IASC (international Accounting Standards Committee) a predecessor to IASB, set a trend for exp anding international accounting standards and with the reorganization of IASC into IASB in 2001, the use of IFRS among various countries has progressed rapidly. For instance, over 100 countries and the European Union use these standards issued by IASB. The U.S. mainly uses its own issued US GAAP (Progress Report, 2011 Cain, 2008). IASB and FASB have been working together towards converging the IFRS and the US GAAP since 2002.Even China and Japan have been working to bring together their accounting standards with IFRS as at 2009. Over the past decade the pace of convergence has been very fast with the internationalization of standards growing rapidly. In 2010, Securities and Exchange Commission in the US issues a report supporting the convergence of these standards through incorporation of the IFRS in the US financial system (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a). This implies that the US has been increasing exploring adopting IASBs IFRSs, although there have been issues such as the fair value issues in IFRS and the cost of implementation that have slowed the progress. The IASB equivalents of the FASB original pronouncementsAs noted higher up, IASBs IFRS takes a principle based barbel to accounting standard setting as compared to FASBs pronouncements which are viewed to be much stricter. In essence therefore, though IASB and FASB may address similar accounting concepts their approach to it may be different. It is these IASBs equivalents to FASBs pronouncements that bring the differences between GAAP and IFRS standards. Evaluating the FASBs original pronouncements and IASB, the manner in which accounting concepts are approached can be noted.These are whereas IASBs IFRS requires that inventory cost of spoilage and idle capacity be excluded from the cost of inventory, FASBs GAAP does not IFRS requires yearly comparison of financial statements unlike US GAAP which only views comparisons asdesirable but require three year comparisons IFRS permits but does n ot require reporting of comprehensive income unlike US GAAP which requires it IFRS classifies liabilities as non-current if refinancing is assoil before the interpret of the balance sheet unlike GAAP which classifies it as so, if refinancing is completed before the financial statements are issued and prohibition of extraordinary items from the financial reports by IFRS unlike GAAP which permits but to a restricted items which affect profit and loss (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002).Other accounting concepts that differ between IASB and FASBs original pronouncements are that IFRS requires that last in first out method of determining inventory cost be prohibited in IAS 2, unlike US GAAP which permits LIFO in SFAS 151, and that IFRS requires reversal of inventory create verbally downs if given criteria are met unlike US GAAP which prohibits it. In addition FASB permits that inventory at net value be measured even if it is above cost unlike IFRS which restricts this to producers and broker-dealers inventories. FASB classifies the interest received and paid as operating activity in the cash flow statement unlike IASB which may illuminate it as financing, investing or operating activity.This leaves room for a number of interpretations. Furthermore, though FASB excludes overdrafts from cash, IASB includes it if it forms a critical and integral part of an organizations cash base or cash management (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002). Other IASB equivalents to FASB pronouncements are enumerated as shown below (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002) -IFRS restates previous financial statements in the event of non-mandated changes in accounting policy, unlike FASB which includes cumulative effects current financial statements net loss and profits -IASB uses change in estimated method to evaluate changes in depreciation of assets, unlike FASB which used change in accounting policy that is the net profit or loss cumulative effect. -IASB uses cost recovery method for constr uction contracts when the completed percentage cannot be situated for sure unlike the USA GAAP which uses completed contract method -IASB does not recognize deferred tax due to the an asset or liability feat that doesnt affect accounting or taxable profit and is not a business combination in IAS 12 unlike the US GAAP recognizes this these through its lack of initial recognition exemption as turn to in SFAS 109.-US GAAP has special exemptions due to the provision of deferred tax such as leveraged leasing, intangible developments in the gas and oil industry and undistributed earnings -IASB uses a tax rate that is substantially enacted to measure deferred tax liabilities and assets, which can be go forth to a lot of interpretations, unlike FASBs enacted tax rate which is sure and consistent -IASB uses rate applicable to undistributed earnings of an organization to measure the deferred tax on those earnings , unlike FASB which uses the higher of the tax rate between the one applicab le to undistributed profits and the one applicable to distributed profits as addressed in SFAS 109-IASB recognizes expense for share-based payment based on fair value of the payment whereas FASB recognizes this based on intrinsic value at grant date -IASB measures business combinations on the date of the acquisition whereas FASB does this on the date of consummation or closing date -IASB requires that recognizing a liability prior to acquisition restructuring be only if the one being acquired recognizes it under IAS 37, this is unlike FASB which recognizes it if the acquisition has already began -IASB recognizes in process RD as an intangible finite asset or wakeless will, unlike FASB which recognizes it as expense How MSA Program prepares student for professional Accounting A Master of Science in accounting program is very Copernican for anyone who intends to pursue an accounting move in the future.This program prepares a student by providing knowledge on the various accounting principles that need be applied in accounting profession. It also work outs a student be aware of the various accounting standards that are existing in the world, how each differ, and how accounting records and done in each. In addition such a program provides analytical and critical thinking abilities. In addition, it offers a global perspective on accounting practices and business issues and provides a framework for effective development for team building and leadership skills, and ethical decision making in business. Lastly it will farm interpersonal and communications skills through interactions which seek to learn ways of solving problems and issues in the accounting and finance realm. All these are critical for a career as an accountant. ConclusionThis paper has discussed the history of the FASB and IASB boards and their relationship and has looked at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It has shown that standardized management accounting and controlling concep ts that transcend national boundaries are progressively needed with concern on the need of an internationalized Accounting and financial reporting standard to help in comparing of financial statements of countries from different countries and also to make it efficient and less costly for multinational companies when they are conducting financial reporting of their performance. IASB and FASB have made tremendous progress thus fur in their gambol to converge the global accounting standards.

Globe Theatre Essay Example for Free

Globe Theatre EssayWe do not know much about Shakespe bes life. He comes from the small provincial town Stratford that lies on the Avon. His father was a workman, and he was a member of the town council and he was also the mayor of the town for third forms. Shakespeare most likely went to Stratford Grammar School, which can still be seen in the town, however we do not know much about what he learned in school. In 1582, when he was 18 years old, he married Ann Hathaway who was 7-8 years older she was the oldest daughter of a wealthy farmer. Their first child was born the year after, only six months after the wedding later they also had twins. There are several explanations as to why Shakespeare traveled to London, but most explanations are anecdotes from recent times. Some researchers believe that he became a member of a theatrical company that was visiting Stratford. The first time we here about him once more is in 1592, and at that time he is a well-known person in London. He is mostly known as an actor and as a playwright, but he was also the owner of The Globe Theatre.Shakespeare wrote 37 plays comedies, tragedies and historical dramas. His plays have something to fit everyones tastes there are exciting plots, strong emotions, modify and comedy. Shakespeares themes are love, nature, power and the responsibilities that come with it. The central theme is humans and, especially after 1600, the bitterness towards the humans is most definitely felt.Around 1611 he returned to Stratford, possibly the same year as he wrote The Tempest, which can be read as his goodbye to the theater. He lived his last years in his hearth town, and died in 1616. He is buried in the Church of the Holy Trinity, and above his grave on the left side of the church, lies his epitaph.

Movement Techniques In Casablanca Film Studies Essay

Movement Techniques In Casablanca Film Studies EssayCasablanca, the movie which was presented in 1943, was written by Murray Burnett and Joan Alison and was enjoin by Michael Curtiz. Its an American romantic drama black and white movie by Hollywood. As for the awards that Casablanca won it won three academy awards. It was and has always been up till now one of the most excellent tears ever and had a complete accomplishment.Mainly the film is ab issue a man who is cut out between his love and his good quality manner feature. The dilemma was that he had to pick one of the two hard choices. Its either he choose to be with the love of his life and help her out or to help her husband to get away from the Moroccan city (Casablanca) to carry on with his fight against the Nazis. wriggle Blaine (Humphrey Bogart) owns a nightclub in Casablanca, the city, c wholeed move arounds Caf Amricain. While the World War II was on, this cafe was like a home for all refugees who are difficult to esc ape to America, they were obtaining illegal letters for that getaway. Shockingly, one day Rick came across the well-known revolt Victor Laszlo (Paul Henreid) and his wife, Ilsa (Ingrid Bergman), which was the woman he used to love onwards she left him behind when the Nazis attacked Paris. Ilsa begin again to love Rick and wants to stay with him in Casablanca, but she also wants Victor to escape to America. So she made Rick decide, and by that was the story of the film.The Movement TechniqueMovement in filmmaking is a very important yet hard technique to achieve. Therefore, its not about what happens in a scene rather its about how to show what is happening in the scene. There are many different ways to apply forepart techniques in a film. An excellent director will want to show how indicative and significant are the movements in a dramatic scene for instance. And how can he/she make the scene effective by using the rightfield form of movements to display and demonstrate the idea (Giannetti, 2010).Any film that doesnt use movement techniques is subjected to be static. Nevertheless, movement doesnt mean drama. There are many action movies that consists movements without having drama thread. Moreover, it isa matter of the least possible means having the greatest effect so that when violent movement is at last triggered off, it has the desired effect. (Foss, 1992).Camera MovementsCamera movements have two major types movements that follow a moving subject and the ones that are not detected by movements on the plane of actions. The origin kind is mainly about following the dramatic action. On the contrary, the second kind has a significant function where a connection is made between the items and the events. Each film has a different number of tv camera movements that relies upon the time between the cuts in the movie. The shorter the time between the cuts, the fewer camera movements are needed and vice versa. Tracking is a form of camera movements, which has an extremely enormous control to throw feel and atmosphere. Zooming and tracking in are slightly different than one another. Tracking pulls the watcher into the picture in a manner that feels well-nigh forcible and raise the sense of presence and realism. Zooming simply brings out the detail and raises the sense that the director is playing for do. Another approach of raising the feeling of realism in a movie is to use hand-held camera. It is frequently used to do documentary films and it gives the watcher the illusion of regarding at the reality (Foss, 1992).Camera movement is one of the main techniques any filmmaker should study and know really well in order to be able to produce a happy movie. People tend to remember what happens in a general scene more, so using different kinds of camera movement techniques in doing a film correctly will probably help more in making a better movie. In any movie, the director usually moves the camera during all the scenes for many different reasons. Camera movements could most likely means emphasizing on whats happening in the scene or might be to pass people attention for the coming up scene. The director can use a lot of methods such as long excavations, slow-paced action, or high angles to breed a movement. Camera movements could be smooth, choppy, lyrical, or disorienting. Besides, the movements in a scene possibly will be naturalistic, stylized, literal, or symbolic (Giannetti, 2010).Camera Angle paper can be influenced by the angle of the cinch. Cameras can be placed over or underneath the scene, to either produce high-angle- snap or a low-angle- barb. Usually, the shot that is looking down weakens the character (the object). On the contrary, the shot that is likely to be appearing upwards emphasizes the authority or control of the subject or character. The human body of a shot could be directed by the degree to which the framing is level with the horizon. Both the high angle and low angle shots are resultin g from the mount of the film, and not from the dictionary of camera aesthetics (Gross Ward, 2007).Cinematic TechniquesThe fundamentals of cinematic techniques are pan, tilt, and dolly. outgrowth, Pan is the horizontal movement of a camera, it looks through an absolutely ripe landscape which doesnt fit a regular camera border. Second, Tilt is the vertical movement of a camera, by pivoting up and down. Those two techniques are referred to as re-framing the shot and are usually used to track the characters in the movement of action. Finally, Dolly is the way the camera usually moves normally horizontally throughout the space. Another camera technique is pulling focus which is basically a normal technique that applies looking at items that are in diverse ranges. Focal length of a camera is mainly the zoom of the cameras lenses. Zoom, an unnatural technique which is probably used to make effects, is the move of a framework from a wide shot to a close up without moving the camera. Th ere are two types of zooming slow zoom and fast zoom. The shift from one picture to another in filmmaking is called transit. For pillow slip cut is the easiest method of transitions, which are regularly used to have harsh jumps in the moment and on space. There are three main types of transitions. First dissolve layer, which is used to have soft transition, is having the new picture over the old one by raising the darkness of the old one until the transition is done. Second fades, which is a type of explosive transition, usually starts and ends the scenes by shifting the colored screen or the picture gradually to a color. Finally effects transitions are the structure of transmitting an image into another one. Some general framing expressions that could be relevant to either characters or objects are master shot, full shot, medium shot, medium close up, close up, and an extreme close up (Vineyard).Applying the Movement technique in the movie (Casablanca)At the start of the movie, t here was a scene that starts right after the sound of the two German messengers who were killed as they were carrying letters to transfer the MacGuffin of Casablanca. We can see how the police force arrested some suspicious characters who were on the street. One of those people where a man who had papers which were not in order, so he tried to escape from the police, but was shot and killed right away. The police officer bends down to the man to look at those papers that were compressed in his hands, consequently passes them to the other police officer and also adpressed to the camera so that people can see, the papers showed that the man was a free France propaganda. We can notice how the camera had a close-up to the police officers hand when he was holding the papers. The papers were also on a slope of the camera, where the police cannot see them as well as we (watchers) do. That scene indicates how important it is to keep in mind the relation between the characters in the movi e and the film viewers, who are watching the movie, who are the most important ones in this case.Another scene in Casablanca demonstrates Ricks Caf Amricain, the shot at first shows the caf as a whole and then the shot transfers to be only towards people who are in the caf talking about escaping to America. Next, the image goes to a woman who was asking about Rick. After that, a man goes up to Rick asking him to sign an empty check, then the camera takes a closer shot at Rick while he is signing the check and then another closer shot at Rick himself. This shot emphasizes that Rick is the main character and the owner of the caf.In one of the scenes of Casablanca, right after the flash from the past of Paris, Ilsa (Ingrid Bergman) where talking with Rick when she first moved to Casablanca. The following shot of the movie had a right to left camera movement from the image of Ricks face to the image of his hands, when they were tipping above the glass. The next shot was also a camera mo vement but here it was from the left side to the right side, where the camera was following the small walk till the right border of the frame of surface-to-air missile (Dooley Wilsons). Hence, in the middle of that shot there was an open space between Sam and Rick. The set of this scene had a adit that was framed by the vaulted roof which is a double aperture framing. After that, the director prepares the watcher with a visual staging when Ilsa enters the room. Immediately before she enters, the shot was on the object that was centered in front of Rick which was the bottle he removes the bottle to pour a drink for himself thus making a clear view of the entrance. In this scene, the aim of the director of the movie was to transfer peoples attention to the entrance of the other character. Then, with having a musical background sound, Rick and Sam looks at the door while the shot was gloomy right away before Ilsa enters. After she has entered, the lighting stresses how she is enclosed with the door.How this (movement technique) was closely connected to another techniqueAlthough, Casablanca is a striking example of the movement technique used in the film, cinematography technique had also a huge great part of the movie. The commutation concentration and all the focus of attention was directed to Ilsa (Ingrid Bergman). Most of the shots were taken from her left side with a catch lights, so that her eyes can look like they are shining and mainly the entire propose was to make her face looks gloomy, gentle, and unforgettable. As for the rest of the characters and the setting, bars of shade and darkness were indicating isolation. Moreover, the crucifix, which is the cross with the Nazarene body, is a symbol of emotional confusion and of the free French forces which were the French soldiers during the WWII who agreed to carry on the fight and never give up. In nearly all of the scenes, mostly at the last part there was a dim film noir which stresses the sexual desire and cynical behavior. All of those kinds of lighting equipments and duskiness shades that were used in the film were classic ones. Also, the way of applying the background surroundings as a frame of the scenes made the film seems more pro (Kemp).ConclusionIn conclusion, movement techniques usually try to emphasize an important point of the movie to the audience in an indirect way. Moreover, some close-ups and pauses in a film mean that the film director is trying to highlight some major and valuable concepts of the movie. Successful filmmakers use movement techniques correctly and effectively in a film.Word Count 1956

Industry Scenario Analysis Of Arcelormittal Economics Essay

Industry Scenario Analysis Of Arcelormittal Economics Essay marque is a very important material used in everything from construction to machines, automobiles, appliances and even off weapons. blade has laid the foundation for modern civilization and it fulfiled a crucial part in the developing of industries all over the world. Essentially it is an alloy with a study content of iron and the rest carbon varying anywhere between 0.2 percentage and 2.1 percentage. trade name itself has been in existence over many hundreds of years but the process of making it has evolved as years progressed along with technology. Steel distinguishes itself from otherwise metals and alloys based on rust resistance, recyclability and weld ability.The advancement of the brand industriousness is often linked to the economic development as it played a crucial role in it. Around 1.3 billion tonnes of marque was produced in 2007. And gibe to reports it is expected to grow by to a greater extent than 10 % in 2010. (Peter Marsh, 2009)ArcelorMittalMittal mark acquired Arcelor in June 2006 to set out the worlds largest stigma producer. With operations in more than 60 countries it has its industries root in more than 20 countries over four continents. Arcelor based in Luxemburg was the biggest steel producer in Europe when Mittal acquired it after a melodramatic five month long takeover battle. Currently Mr.Lakshmi Mittal is the Chairman and main owner of ArcelorMittal. fit in to ArcelorMittal, it had a crude steel production of 73.2 tonnes which is approximately 8 percentage of the total steel production in the world. It had revenue of $65.1 billion. Listed in stock exchanges of New York, Amsterdam, Paris, Luxemburg, Brussels and Spain it is a global industrial force to be reckoned with (ArcelorMittal, 2010).Major Competitors in the Steel IndustryAfter the acquisition of Arcelor, ArcelorMittal firmly established itself as the leading steel producer in the world. According to th e humanness Steel Association in 2008, the fall out 5 fakes in steel the industry wereArcelorMittalNipponBaosteelPOSCOHebei Steel GroupRankCompanyAmount of Production(Million system of measurement Tonnes)1ArcelorMittal103.32Nippon37.53Baosteel35.44POSCO34.75Hebei Steel Group33.3( introduction Steel Association, 2008)Key CompetenciesThe steel industry focuses on core competency factors such asadvanced technology for example use of advanced laser cutting tools during the production stageenvironment sustainability by ensuring no damage or pollution to natureemployee enrichment example good training and technical exposureeffective management of competition with superior technology with constant research and developmentresponsibility to shargonholdersArcelorMittal claims the entire above core competencies required in the industry. It has developed a robust corporate social responsibility strategy with the four get wind points of focusmaking steel more sustainable by making steel p roduction greener and environmental friendlytransparent governance by thoughtful study of jounces and risks and improvement in quality of disclosure to stakeholdersenriching communities by engaging them and progressing with partnerships and open communicationinvesting in people by ensuring safe and salubrious work environments which is also innovativeThese four key strategies form their core competency strategy and were formed soon after the merger of Arcelor and Mittal by elaborate research and studies into other major players in the industry (ArcelorMittal, 2010).Key ResourcesThe steel industry depends on all or most(prenominal) of the next key resources for its sustainability and produceIron oreCoalLimestoneSteel scrapsTechnological resourcesResearch and development resourcesHuman resources(Steel University, 2002)Growth rate and Profitability of the Steel IndustryAccording to the World Steel Association, the major steel production over the world has increased as compared t o the previous year. The production in 2009 November was 107.5 million metric tonnes (mmt) which was 24.2 % more than in November 2008. They claim that a month on month comparison with the previous year production definitely shows more production in 2009 as compared to 2008.(World Steel Association, 2010)In terms of profitability, steel prices have had a steady rise helping many companies like Fosun in China to move up in the list from fifteenth to sixth position. Reports clam that it had revenue of $5.7 billion last year. Price of steel has increased over the last year by 35 % and is currently at $ 230 per tonne (Michael Sainsbury, 2010). Many steelmakers in Europe and U.S are investing more in the industry indicating a possible increase in profitability (Alex MacDonald Alexander Kolyandr, 2010).Firms PerformanceEven though ArcelorMittal is the leading producer of steel in the world and even with the increase in production the akin cannot be said of its profits. ArcelorMittal is said to make a net loss of $792 million. Mr Mittal expressed his opinion that the growth in profits would be slow and imperfect over time. Mostly the low profits registered were due to efforts of the caller-up to change its debt structure and bring it down from the current $ 22 million. ArcelorMittal is planning to invest close to 4 billion in capital expenditure (Alex MacDonald Alexander Kolyandr, 2010).Industry Forces(Porter, 2008)Using Porters five forces framework examining Arcelor Mittals competitive forces we get the following resultsThreat of instauration The steel industry has low potential threats in the form of newfangled entrants in the market due to the heavy investment required. Even then new entrants such as Sererstal and Evraz in Russia pose considerable threat to alert steel producers.Rivalry among existing players While new entrants maybe rare existing competition poses the largest threat to Arcelor Mittal. Close competition in mainly from China, Nippon. Anal ysts predict the steel industry growth is going to be concentrated in Asia in the future. Other competitors like Tata Steel, Baosteel and POSCO also have to be fought off from eating up profits.Power of buyers The bargaining powers of buyers are not to be underestimated. Even with developing production the steel industry has not been able to show growth in profitability in the same light due to falling prices. controversy has also led to this state of economic crisis.Power of suppliers The major suppliers where ArcelorMittal is considered are the iron ore suppliers. Main ore suppliers in the market like Vale, Rio Tinto, BHP and Gloucester were accused by major steel industries of raising ore prices and shifting bargaining power in their favour (Sarah, 2010). ArcelorMittal even raised concerns about possible joint venture by BHP and Rio stating that they were already in power were prices were concerned and this venture could affect the steel industry adversely. (Alex, 2010)Substitu tes Many substitutes to steel such as aluminium pose competition in areas like automobile and aircraft manufacturing.Opportunity or Threat?Entrants Entrants into the industry are definitely a threat to ArcelorMittal as it would swallow profits and take up part of their space in the global market. The threat that exists may be more of a local nature for example when new entrants come at national level inside a country. Threat of new entrants are however a minor possibility and a rare occurrence and thence not much cause for concern.Existing players Existing players pose more of a threat than new entrants as they are a force to be reckoned with. They pose a threat in terms of price. ArcelorMittal is the biggest steel producer in volume but not the most profitable. Low prices offered by other existing companies lure a sort customers and result in lower profits for ArcelorMittal.Power of Buyers This could be more of an opportunity for ArcelorMittal in the sense that having the biggest resources in their make it they may be able to easily attract buyers. ArcelorMittal has modern technology which is a major attractive feature to potential buyers.Power of suppliers This is the largest threat so far to the industry. They are hard to deal with. Price bargaining power seems to be concentrated on the part of suppliers and have negatively affected ArcelorMittal and the steel industry as a whole. Joint venture between Rio and BHP is most certainly an offensive strategy.Substitutes Substitutes do pose a certain amount of threat. barely it also holds an opportunity for the industry to research and develop more and more uses for steel and also make advancements in the production processes. As it is technology has enabled steel to be manufactured more thinly than ever before. Experiments in alloy compositions have resulted in more products and discovery of their applications.Industry PositionAs far as ArcelorMittal is concerned it strongly suggests that the steel industry i s a developing industry with a lot of potential. Many of the risky decisions taken by the company were its strong belief in this industry. ArcelorMittal has not broken its stride in its development since it began. New acquisitions and penetration into new markets have only confirmed this. ArcelorMittal plans on bridleing in this market and even acquired Uttam Galva Steels Ltd in India predicting that the next big steel consumer would be India with its rising population and automobile industry (ArcelorMittal, 2010). Mr Mittal also predicted a 10 % growth in the industry in 2010.Combatting Industrial ThreatsThe steel industries face various industrial threats and have to be ready to overcome these threats and still stay in the game. Some examples are as belowIron ore price Suppliers are mostly in control of iron ore pricing and these are forthwith responsible for steel industry profitability. Recently Rio one of the largest suppliers in this market took a decision to price the iron ore on a quarterly seat changing the annual pricing standard. This is was a major setback for the steel industry. The World Steel Association was in negotiation with the iron ore suppliers to change this average as the steel industries were still recovering from global turning points (James Regan, 2010). A good industrial relation would help overcome this problem. If the whole steel industry disagreed on this and refused to buy on this pricing norm, a change could be brought about. Also it is important to keep communication open between the suppliers and the market and make it release that their survival depends on the growth of the industry and such decisions could be a setback affecting both the buyer and supplier in one way or the other.European Emissions Trading System Many companies in the steel industry like ArcelorMittal and Lafarge faced heavy charges based on the carbon emissions consort to the EU trading scheme. They were able to flake this problem by lobbying togeth er and convincing the European Union that they deserved considerable reductions in this or they would be forced to shift location of their plants to more profitable nations. This would be an economic downfall or the EU and hence they succumbed to the threat (The Ecologist, 2010).Economic Recession This is the most dangerous threat of all to the steel industry. In countries like Russia, an entire city depends on a steel plant for its livelihood and in propagation of recession these places are hit hard and employment rates soar. In such times the government adopts strict measures and manytimes even offer ultimatum to steel companies to improve performance or leave. During this global recession, Siberian government threatened to seize the assets of ArcelorMittal if they failed to increase coal production in their mines. Such situations call for a contingency plan. Companies must be ready for worst case scenarios instead of always looking at a brighter prospect (Stratfor, 2009).Compet ing firms can combine and combat threat in the industry through organizations like World Steel Association. A strong stand on any issue facing the industry would help to resolve the problem.Recent trends in the industry indicate a gameer volume of steel consumption especially in the Asian persona and companies are all set to take advantage of this situation by concentrating their efforts in this region.ArcelorMittal hopes to take advantage of this situation and have already set this in motion by purchasing Uttam Steel in India. They are all set to harness the high revenue automobile market by doing so.ArcelorMittal plans on staying in the leadership position by having a strong consistent management strategy. ArcelorMittal states that they lay special emphasis on product diversity, geographic reach, upright integration both into raw material production, designed to minimize risk caused by economic cycles, and downstream distribution, providing value added and customised steel solu tions through further bear on to meet customer specific requirements .According to them customers form the core of their business. They also give prime importance to transferring tomorrow with Sustainability, Quality and Leadership (ArcelorMittal, 2010).Top Players in the Steel IndustryThe top ten players in the steel industry are as followsArcelorMittalHeibei Steel GroupBaosteelPOSCOWuhan I SAnshan BenxiShagangNippon SteelJFETata SteelAccording to news reports, the Chinese are overtaking steel production. More than half the top ten steel producers in the world are from China.(China Tells, 2009)ArcelorMittal is the largest producer and result remain to be so due to its highly competitive investment strategy. Another fast growing company is Tata Steel with its acquisition of Corus, the second largest steel producer in Europe, it poses considerable competition to ArcelorMittal.Positioning of Players in the IndustryThe major players in the industry are positioning themselves based o n the following factorsEnvironment With the growing competition and supplier power, the major steel players are trying to find a balance between growth and profitability. Many reforms in the industrial laws and globalisation trends have proved to be both good and bad for the industry. The economic trends have been particularly bad for the industry over the bygone few years. But this is expected to change and growth in industry and profitability is expected in the next few years.Capability Each player in the industry is vying for the top technological advancements and is investing heavily in their capital infrastructure as well as in research and development. It has become a highly competitive market.Purpose The major steel companies are also turning more and more to corporate social responsibility and are taking efforts to implement an environmental friendly production plant and processes.(Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008)Role of Distribution and LogisticsWhile the Chinese ste el manufacturers are advancing they still tuck away behind in terms of distribution and logistics as compared to the developed countries. The Chinese government has however taken more interest in this after its entry in the World Trade Organization and are planning to invest more in this sector (China International Steel Distribution and Logistics Conference, 2007).Distribution and logistics play a crucial role especially in the case of automobile industry where new vehicles have a fluctuating demand for materials. ArcelorMittal stayed on top of the game by finding solutions for failings on of the buyer in terms of wrong order, changing order etc. In fact ArcelorMittal won the Logistics apportion from PSA Peugeot Citroen in March 2010 (Vincent Daenen, 2010).Acquisitions and Mergers and Ownership PatternsAcquisitions and mergers in the industry have definitely changed the ownership patterns in the global steel industry. The biggest change in the explanation of the steel industry w as the acquisition of Arcelor by Mittal steel to form ArcelorMittal. This resulted in the company becoming the worlds top producer of steel. Acquisitions also have helped the companies to penetrate some markets. For example the Tata acquiring Concur resulted in its entry into European markets and Arcelor acquiring Uttam Steel in India also helped it enter a fast developing market. In this industry strategic alliances may not be always possible as it is a highly competitive industry with each player vying for more market share. In such a scenario spin offs or creating of new entity may be the solution. This would help create synergy by combining resources and mournful in towards the same goals.Environmental Changes and Constraints Affecting the IndustryThe changes in the business environment in terms of technological, political, social , etc have a deep impact on the steel industry. Some examples are as followsEconomic changes the global recession hit the steel industry hard. Profit ability went down considerable and even the major players like ArcelorMittal faced threats of shutting down of some of their operations. This has also made them aware of their need to change their debt capital infrastructure after the recession receded.Climatic changes the Emissions Trading directive has had a direct impact on the three main emissions in the industry which are the coke oven splosh, blast furnace gas and basic oxygen furnace gas (EUROFER, 2010). Many of the steel producers have to ask for special treatment or risk change of plant locations.Technological changes technological diffusion is called for in countries especially China who is expected to lead in the greenhouse gas emissions by early next century owing to its high economic growth rate and also its use of coal (Fisher-Vanden, Karen, 2010).Social changes Social changes as in the treatment of employees have evolved with the advancement in the steel industries. ArcelorMittal is a company that invests heavily in manpower, its safety and development in its company (ArcelorMittal, 2010)Changes in Customer Demand PatternsThe customer demand has been on a riseFinancial Strategies in the IndustryConclusionLikely ScenarioPessimistic ScenarioOptimisticScenario